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Using a VPN is a great way to protect your internet traffic when you're traveling, but it's not a solution for encrypting your local files. .
When the FBI needed information from the San Bernardino shooter's iPhone, they asked Apple for a back door to get past the encryption. However, no such back door existed, and Apple refused to make one. The FBI had to employ hackers to get into the phone.
Why wouldn't Apple help Because the moment a back door or comparable hack exists, it will become a target, a prize for the poor guys. It'll flow sooner or later. In a talk at Black Hat this past summer, Apple's Ivan Krstic revealed the company has done something similar in their cryptographic servers.
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Apple can't update them, but the poor guys can't get in either. .
Back in the day, if you wanted to maintain a document secret you could use a cipher to encrypt it and then burn the original. Or you might lock it up in a safe. The two main methods in encryption utilities parallel these options.
One sort of product simply processes files and folders, turning them into impenetrable encrypted versions of themselves. The other creates a virtual disk that, when open, behaves like any other drive on your system. When you lock the virtual drive, each of the documents you put into it are completely inaccessible. .
Like the virtual drive solution, a few goods save your encrypted data in the cloud. This strategy requires extreme caution, obviously. Encrypted data in the cloud has a far bigger attack surface than encrypted data on your own PC.
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Which is better It really depends on how you plan on using encryption. If you are not sure, take advantage of the 30-day free trial offered by each of these products to get a feel for the different options.
Once you copy a document into secure storage, or make an encrypted version of it, then you definitely need to wipe out the unencrypted original. Simply deleting it isn't sufficient, even in the event that you skip the Recycle Bin, because the data still exists on disk, and data retrieval utilities can often get it back. .
Some encryption products avoid this problem by encrypting the document in location, literally overwriting it on disc with an encrypted version. It is more common, though, to provide safe deletion as an option. If you select something that lacks this attribute, you should find a free secure deletion tool to use along with it. .
Overwriting data before deletion is sufficient to balk software-based recovery tools. Hardware-based forensic retrieval functions because the magnetic recording of data on a hard drive isn't actually digital. It is more of a waveform. In simple terms, the process involves nulling out the known data and reading around the borders of what is left.
An encryption algorithm is like a black box. Dump a about his document, image, or other document into it, and you get back what seems like gibberish. Run that gibberish back via the box, with the exact same password, and you get back the resource original.
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The U.S. government has depended on Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) as a standard, and every one of the merchandise gathered here support AES. Even the ones that support other calculations tend to recommend using AES.
If you are an encryption specialist, you may want another algorithm, Blowfish, perhaps, or the Soviet government's GOST. For the typical user, however, AES is just fine.
Passwords are important, and you have to keep them secret, right Well, not when you use Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) cryptography.
With PKI, you get two keys. One is public; you can share it with anyone, register it in a key exchange, tattoo it on your foreheadwhatever you prefer. Another is personal, and should be closely guarded. If I want to send you a secret document, I just encrypt it with your public key.
Simple! .
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Using this system in reverse, you can make a digital signature which proves your document came from you and hasn't been modified. How Exactly To encrypt it with your private key. The simple fact your public key decrypts it is all the proof you need. Resources PKI support is less common than support for traditional symmetric algorithms. .
If you want to share a document with someone and your encryption tool doesn't support PKI, there are other options for sharing. Many products allow creation of a self-decrypting executable file. You may also find that the recipient can use a complimentary, decryption-only tool.